DALŠÍ ODKAZY NA ANTÉNY OD W4RNL

Antenna Modeling Software Notes

• Antenna Modeling Programs (01-23-2003)
• Notes on Modeling Antenna Elements (05-10-1998
• Notes on Modeling and Convergence Testing (06-23-1997)
• Reactive Antenna Loads and Their NEC Models Parts 1-5 (02-06-99)
• Modeling Loads and Transmission Lines Parts 1-4 (12-29-1997)
• Modeling Trap Antennas (04-02-1997)
• Preliminary Notes on Trap Placement (07-11-1997)
• Systematic Trap Modeling (07-12-1997)
• Why I Use dBi Mostly (06-23-1997)
• Some Pitfalls of Careless dBd-ing (06-03-1999)
• Getting the Most Out of Antenna Patterns (07-17-1997)
• Reading a NEC Deck (03-30-1997)
• NEC-4 vs. NEC-2 With Stepped-Diameter Correction and Autosegmentation (04-06-1997)
• Notes on Two Limitations of NEC-4 (04-10-1997)
• Multi-Diameter Dipoles: MININEC vs. NEC-4 (09-19-1997)
• Close-Spaced Wires: MININEC vs. NEC-4 (09-24-1997)
• Notes on Boom Effects with Short 3-Element 146-MHz Yagis (10-22-2003)
• Notes on Fat-Wire Dipole Convergence (03-11-1998)
• 1 MHz Ground-Wave Analysis: A Comparison Among MININEC and NEC Modeling Implementations (02-23-2001)
• The Tee-Match: NEC Illusions and MININEC Realities (01-07-1998)
• Three-Element Yagi Models: Standards of Comparison (06-21-1997)
• NEC-2 and NEC-4: Reading Trends with Caution (09-12-1998)
• Modeling and Understanding Small Beams (07-25-1999)

See also the "Antenna Modeling" series, linked in the Continuing Series section of the index.

Practical Antenna Notes: Lower HF (Mainly) Vertical Antennas

• Self-Contained Vertically Polarized Wire Antennas: A Family Album Parts 1-6 (05-15-1999, 01-14-2003, 02-05-2005)
• Voltage Feeding SCV Loops (08-14-1998)
• The 40-Meter Bobtail Curtain as An All-Band Wire Antenna (05-27-2003, 02-04-2005)
• Notes on All-Band Use of Vertical-Plane Deltas (10-13-1997)
• Verticals Without Vertigo (05-13-1999)
• Some Techniques for Building a QRP Field Vertical (05-24-2002)
• Counterpoises, Capacity Hats, and A Standard (11-01-2004)
• The 5/8-Wavelength Mystique (04-17-2001)
• Some Facts of Life About Modeling 160-Meter Vertical Arrays Parts 1-5 (08-01-2001)
• Your First 160-Meter Antenna (06-07-2005)
• Models with Buried Radials: A Small Compendium (08-31-2004)
• Pursuing the (Nearly) Perfect Parasitic Vertical Array for 160 Meters Parts 1-2 (01-01-2002)
• Half-Length 80-Meter Vertical Monopoles: the Best Method of Loading Parts 1-5 (05-12-1997)
• Vertical Dipoles and Ground Planes: What Antenna Modeling Reports (09-22-1998)
• A Modeling Perspective on "Ground" Planes Parts 1-5 (06-06-1997)
• The Insulated Radial Question (05-01-2003)
• Where Do I Hang My Hat? (10-31-1998)
• The 40-Meter 3-Way Special (07-20-1997)
• 3 Wires = The Whole World (02-05-1999)
• A Triangle for the Short Vertical Operator (02-05-1999)
• HF Vertically-Oriented Moxon Rectangles: A 40-Meter Example (12-28-2004)
• An 80-Meter LPMA: A Design Idea and a Modeling Dilemma Parts 1-2 (05-01-2002) (PDF)

Practical Antenna Notes: Lower HF (Mainly) Horizontal Antennas

• Just Tall. That's All. Some Principles of Portable Antennas to Strive For (08-29-2003)
• Wi're We Using Wire? (01-19-1998)
• A Note on Wire Size and Material (08-08-1998)
• Blunting the Edge of Cutting Formulas (10-25-2004)
• 10 Frequency Asked Questions about the All-Band Doublet (6-3-2005)
• The Zig-Zag Dipole-Doublet

(01-01-2000)

• Unfolding the Story of the Folded Dipole (03-12-2000, updated 12-04-2001)
• Modeling the T2FD (06-07-1999)
• Notes on the Terminated Wide-Band "Folded Dipole" (06-01-2000, 07-19-2000, 02-13-2004, 10-22-2005)
• The G5RV Antenna System Re-Visited Parts 1-3 (05-21-2003)
• The "Ideal" Back-Up Antenna for 80-20 Meters (09-08-2005)
• Some ABCs of A-B-C: Notes on Triangles of Doublets (02-15-2003)
• Resurrecting the Y-Doublet (05-16-2003)
• Notes on All-Band Use of Horizontal-Plane Loops (10-28-1997)
• A 40-Meter Star (04-13-2003)
• Horizontally Oriented, Horizontally Polarized Large Wire Loop Antennas (03-29-1999)
• Horizontal Loops: How Big? How High? What Shape? (10-21-2004)
• Vertically Oriented Multi-Band Antennas (05-20-2000)
• The All-Band Center-Fed Inverted-L (03-06-1999, 06-14-1999)
• Straightening Out the Inverted-L (06-01-2005)(PDF)
• To Trap or Not to Trap (12-20-1997)
• Some Notes on NVIS Cloud Burners (11-05-2002)
• NVIS: From the Backyard to Professional Installations (05-08-2003; 05-24-2003)
• Horizontal Heights and Sound Bites: A Short Note Relevant to NVIS Antennas (06-20-2005)
• Vertically Radiating Horizontal Antennas (03-15-1997)
• The IL-ZX Antenna for 40 Meters (06-30-1997, 12-27-2001, 09-27-2003)
• Notes on Full and Shrunken 40-Meter Quads (12-30-1997)
• Some Notes on Lower-HF Wire Beams (09-07-1997)
• Notes on a Wire Beam for 80 and 75 Meters (04-09-1997)
• A Note on Substituting Wire Elements in Lower HF Arrays (03-10-2000)
• 80-Meter Wire LPDAs(04-01-2002)
• Some Notes on Antenna Bandwidth (01-22-1997)
• 40 + 30 = 50 (Not 70) (10-23-2001)
• Short Beams and Operating Bandwidth (10-05-1997)
• My Top 5 Backyard Multi-Band Antennas (08-11-2004)(PDF)

Practical Antenna Notes: Upper HF (Mainly): Yagis and Relatives

• Horizontal and Vertical Yagi Orientation (10-13-1998)
• Lobe Formation With Height Increases in Horizontal Antennas (04-30-1999)
• Modeling 6 Long-Boom Yagis (07-20-1998)
• What Can We Expect From a 2-Element Beam? Parts 1-5 (05-09-1997)
• Mastering Some Mysteries of 2-Element Beams Part 1 (05-19-2001)
• Mastering Some Mysteries of 2-Element Beams Part 2 (05-24-2002)
• The Monoband Log-Cell Yagi Revisited Parts 1 to 4 (07-14-2000)
• The G4ZU Bird Yagi (04-02-1997, 03-01-2005)
• Coils, Linear Loads, and Capacity Hats: An Overview of Small Loaded Yagis (01-17-1998)
• Director/Driven Element 2-Element Yagis: Some Ideas for 12 and 17 Meters (07-25-1999)
• Using Moxon Rectangles for WARC-Band Antennas
  Part 1: Some 17-12 Meter Ideas (05-01-2000, 08-04-2000)
  Part 2: Some 30-17-12 Meter Ideas (06-01-2000)
• A Truly Portable Moxon Rectangle for Nearly No-Tool Field Assembly (02-01-2003)
• Designing Moxon Rectangles by Equation and by Model (10-01-2000)
• Moxon Rectangles (General Index with Dimension Calculator): 22 Items (02-28-2005)
• The Elusive Moxon Nest (06-01-2003)
• Moxon-Modifying the C3-Type Tri-Bander (06-01-2002)
• A Tale of 4 Beams: The X, the Hex, the Square, and the Rect (09-01-2000)
• Yagi Element Diameter Differences Do Make a Difference (07-01-2000)
• Notes on Reversible Yagi Arrays (09-01-2003)
• I Want to Build a 3-Element Yagi Parts 1-4 (08-01-1999)
• Stacking Yagis 3 Items (09-17-1999)
• 1-2-3: 1 Boom, 2 Bands, 3 Elements Each (03-07-1998)
• Three Forward-Stagger 5-Band Yagis from ON4ANT (08-28-1998, 04-18-1999, 07-16-1999)

Practical Antenna Notes: Upper HF (Mainly): Other HF Arrays and Questions

• Some Model Quads 10 Items (04-02-1999, 08-05-2000)
• New Quad Studies 10 Items (2000-2002)
• A Trap Small Quad for 12 and 17 Meters (09-29-1997)
• The Birdcage Antenna (03-18-1997)
• Three Ways to Skin a Quad Loop (08-19-1999)
• LPDA Design and Modeling Data 6 items (10-22-1999)
• Some Notes on LPDA Stubs (08-10-2003)
• A 3.5 Octave LPDA of High Potential Performance, But an Antenna that No One Will Build (04-14-2000)
• Long-Boom LPDAs for 14-30 MHz (07-01-2001)
• 3 More 14-30 MHz LPDA Designs (07-01-2001)
• 4-30 MHz LPDA Design Concepts (03-01-2002)
• A 10-Meter LPDA Parts 1-7 (11-21-1998)
• Notes on HF General Coverage LPDAs Using 30-35' Booms (09-01-2003)
• Notes on a Long-Boom General Coverage LPDA (11-01-2003)
• The L-Antenna (02-05-1999, 11-25-2002)
• The B-Antenna (02-05-1999)
• 17-15-12 and Simple (05-11-1999)
• A Vertical Doublet for 30-10 Meters (12-01-1999)
• Notes on Hatted Vertical Dipoles for 10 Meters (01-14-2003)
• EDZ Beam Update (05-10-1997)
• Feeding the EDZ (08-27-1997)
• The Expanded Lazy-H (04-01-1999, 04-15-2003)
• Curtains for the Extended Lazy-H (04-15-2003)
• An Almost Universal HF Back-Up Antenna For the Antenna Farm That Has Everything Else (02-12-1999)
• Suppose I Could Have Only One Wire Antenna. . . (03-21-2003)
• The Turnstile: An Omni-Directional Horizontally Polarized Antenna (03-06-2000)
• Don't Be Phased By Phasing (02-04-1998)
• Some Notes on Two-Element Horizontal Phased Arrays Parts 1-4 (05-10-2002)
• The HB9CV Phased Array and Gain Comparisons (09-18-1999)
• Horizontal Phased Arrays with Parasitic Directors (08-27-1998)
• Tinker Toys for Adults: Some Notes and Ideas on PVC for Antenna Applications (08-29-2000)

Practical Antenna Notes: VHF/UHF (Mainly)

• 2 X 3 = 6 (07-25-1997)
• Experimental Omni-Directional Antennas for 6-Meters (12-27-2001)
• Route 66: 6-Meter 6-Element OWA Yagis in 9 Versions (05-01-2005)
• The 64-(Euro-)Dollar Question (01-01-2004)
• Phased Yagis, EDZ Beams, and Landstorfer-Sacher Yagis (07-28-1999, 09-16-1999, 04-10-2000, 02-14-2004)
• The Half-Square on 2 Meters: Parts 1-3 (04-12-1999, 07-18-2002)
• Some J-Poles That I Have Known: Parts 1-4 (01-08-2002)
• Moxon Rectangles for 6 Meters (02-03-2003)
• The Moxon Rectangle on 2 Meters (10-01-1999)
• Building a 2-Meter Moxon (11-01-1999, 12-18-1999)
• Simplifying the Turnstile Moxon Rectangle Fixed-Position Satellite Antennas (10-01-2001; 06-01-2003)
• What's Wrong With This Turnstile Stack? (05-15-2002)
• Notes on the Batwing Parts 1-3 (03-01-2004)
• In Pursuit of Better VHF Quad Beams: A Work in Progress (04-21-2001)
• Notes on Medium-Length 2-Meter Quads and Yagis (01-24-2003)
• Circling the Square Quad (05-01-2004)
• The Quad Beam as an Amateur Satellite Antenna (07-01-2004)
• A Collection of 220-MHz Yagi Designs: Parts 1-4 (03-29-2001)
• Multiple Reflectors for Long-Boom Yagis (10-06-2001)
• Appreciating DL6WU Wide-Band Long-Boom Yagi Design: Some Preliminary Notes (11-02-2001, 12-05-2004)
• Long-Boom Yagi Sidelobe Suppression (04-27-2002)
• Sidelobe Attenuation and Suppression: Parts 1-3 (10-20-2005)
• Preliminary Studies of Long-Boom Yagis for 420-450 MHz (04-28-2003)
• Long-Boom Trimming Yagis: An Accumulation of Data Main Text (12-10-2004) (PDF)
• Long-Boom Trimming Yagis: An Accumulation of Data Reference Graphs (12-10-2004) (PDF)
• Long-Boom Yagi Rules of Thumb: A Comparison with Modeling Data (01-01-2005) (PDF)
• 2-Meter and 70-CM Yagi Stacks: Preliminary Studies: Parts 1-4 (09-01-2005)
• A 70-CM Wide-Band, Long-Boom Yagi with High Sidelobe Suppression (07-01-2005)
• Scaling and Adjusting VHF/UHF Yagis (12-01-2002, 07-09-2004)
• An OWA Family of 2-Meter Yagis From 6 to 12 Elements : Parts 1-2 (08-02-2002)
• Extending the 2-Meter OWA Family: Parts 1-3 (10-01-2004)
• Notes on a 6-Element Wide-Band 2-Meter Yagi (12-26-2002)
• The OWA Family Moves to 220 (09-02-2002)
• Wide-Band Utility Yagis for 420-450 MHz
• 1. 4- and 6-Element Models (08-01-2001)
• 2. An 8-Element Model (09-01-2001)
• Some Basics of Very-Wide-Band Yagi Design : Parts 1-2 (10-01-2002)
• The Flat-Plane Reflector for 432 MHz (11-08-2001)
• Modeling the Double-Diamond for UHF (12-01-2001, 11-12-2002)
• Corner Reflectors Revisited: Parts 1-3 (04-18-1999)
• The 3-D Corner Reflector (07-01-2003, 05-05-2005)
• Corner Arrays for Personal Communications (10-01-2001)
• Planar Reflectors: Parts 1-4 (05-01-2005)
• Corner Reflectors Revisited Again: Parts 1-5 (10-01-2005)
• Planar and Corner Reflectors Revisited (08-12-2004) (PDF)
• Special Needs Call for Special Antennas: The X-Array (11-01-2004)
• Modeling the Dual Rhomboid: Parts 1-3 (08-16-1999)
• High-Gain, Wide-Band Yagis for 10, 6, and 2 Meters (09-01-1999)
• Quagi and Yagi on 2 Meters: Some Preliminary Notes (04-16-2001)
• A 3-Moxon Polling Array for 914 MHz (08-01-2000)
• The Case of the Curly Collinear (06-01-2004)
• A 100-1000 MHz "Utility" LPDA (12-01-2001)
• CAP Emergency-Beacon Direction-Finding Antennas (05-05-2003)
• Some Notes on FM BC Antennas: Parts 1-5 (04-10-2003)
• LPDAs for the 400-800-MHz Television Range: Parts 1-2 (03-20-2003)
• Notes on Axial-Mode Helical Antennas in Amateur Service (06-01-2005) (PDF)
• Notes on Axial-Mode Helical Antennas in Amateur Service : Parts 1-3 (10-20-2005) (HTML)

Transmission Lines, Impedance Coupling, and Construction

• A GAP in Our Understanding of Feedpoints (01-16-2005)
• 12 Ways to See and Love Your Feeders (05-19-1998)
• Some (Old) Notes on Home-Brew Parallel Transmission Lines (01-06-2000, 12-28-2001)
• Values Along a Transmission Line (11-25-1998)
• When is a Quarter Wavelength Not a Quarter Wavelength? (02-20-1998, 07-15-1999)
• Some Aspects of Series and Parallel Coaxial Cable Assemblies (12-26-2001)
• Stub Matching: A Review (05-01-2005) (PDF)
• Some Notes on Modeling Hybrid Transmission Line Stubs (05-01-2002)
• The Beta Match: 2 Views (02-02-2005)
• Series Matching: A Review (02-05-1999)
• Voltage, Current, and Impedance Along a Transmission Line (04-01-1997)
• Transmission-Line and Tuner Calculation Aids (01-01-2005)
• An SWR-Feedline-Reactance Primer: Parts 1 - 2 (12-01-2004)
• Whose Afraid of a Little Matching? (04-04-1998)
• Notes on a Wide-Band 50/75-Ohm Coax Feed System for Low HF Band Dipoles and Vees (11-29-1997)
• Link-Coupled Antenna Tuners (updated 05-20-1999, 12-30-2000, 03-01-2004. 09-12-2004)
• Link-Coupled Antenna Tuners: A Tutorial: Parts 1 - 5 (11-25-1997)
• Delta, ATUs, and Losses (03-28-1998)
• An LCL/LC ATU (04-01-1996)
• The Balanced-L Network (12-13-2002)
• Rotator Direction Controllers (01-21-2001)
• How Accurately Must We Aim a Beam? (01-22-2001)

Continuing Series

• An-Ten-Ten-nas: a series of articles for 10-10 News on antenna basics having special relevance to 10-meter operation.
• Antennas From the Ground Up: a series of articles on antenna basics for Low Down, the journal of the Colorado QRP Club. The emphasis will be largely on lower HF and wire techniques.
• Antenna Modeling: a series of articles on antenna modeling specially prepared for AntenneX. The series aim is to help antenna modelers get the most benefit and least anguish from their programs.
• Amateur Radio Continuing Education: a series of articles prepared over several years for the annual Proceedings of the ARRL National Education Workshop. The pieces range in scope from a full-scale proposal for a technical education series down to using a blackboard more effectively in the classroom. There are also links to some other educational sites.

HAMCALC: A Special Note. Numerous articles refer to HAMCALC, a suite of utility calculation programs developed for hams by George Murphy, VE3ERP. The information in the articles gives Murph's address for obtaining the current version on CDROM. Due to a bout of ill-health, HAMCALC is no longer available on CDROM. However, you can obtain HAMCALC from this link to the CQ Magazine site and download the current version of the suite in Zipped format. The site provides instructions for installation and use.